北京市怀柔区学龄前儿童肥胖影响因素分析

Influencing factors of obesity in preschool children in Huairou District of Beijing

目的 分析北京市怀柔区3～6岁学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的影响因素,为早期干预提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样、病例对照研究的方法,对396例学龄前儿童进行家长自填问卷调查,Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果父母平均体重肥胖组高于正常组（P〈0.001）。父亲高体重（OR=1.082）、生后6个月采用人工喂养（OR=5.986）、每餐以肉为主（OR=7.979）、强迫儿童进食某种食物（如高能量食物）（OR=4.801）、家长对儿童体重过高预期（OR=6.191）为学龄前儿童肥胖的危险因素;家长控制儿童体重的行为（OR=0.059）为学龄前儿童肥胖的保护因素。结论 学龄前儿童肥胖的发生是多因素相互作用的结果,其中从控制父母体重、鼓励母乳喂养、平衡膳食等方面早期干预,将有益于早期预防儿童肥胖。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of obesity in children aged 3--6 years old in Huairou dis- trict of Beijing and to provide evidences for early intervention. Method A total of 396 preschool children from stratified cluster sampling were surveyed using parents selPadministered questionnaire, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results Average parents＇ weight were higher in obese children than those of normal children （P〈 0. 001）. The risk factors for obesity in preschool children included father high body weight （OR= 1. 082） ,within 6 months of birth using artificial feeding （OR= 5. 986）, eating meat each meal （OR= 7. 979）, forcing children to eat certain foods （such as high energy food）（OR = 4.801）, too high expectations to children＇s weight （OR = 6.191）. It was the protective factors for preschool children obesity that parents were will to change child body by controlling the weight （OR= 0. 059）. Conclusion The occurrence of obesity in preschool children results are from multiple factors. It might be beneficial for the prevention of obesity in preschool children by controlling the weight of parents, encouraging breast feeding and balaneed diet.