骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗老年性痴呆模型大鼠的行为学检测

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves behavior performance of senile dementia rats

背景:最近研究证实,骨髓间充质干细胞在体外可诱导分化成为神经元样细胞,体内移植后可修复神经损伤。目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞移植对老年性痴呆大鼠学习及记忆能力的影响。方法:将30只成年SD雄性大鼠分为3组:假手术对照组、干细胞治疗组及模型对照组,后2组脑内注射β-淀粉样蛋白1-40制作老年性痴呆模型,造模后3周,干细胞治疗组大鼠双侧海马区注射诱导分化后的骨髓间充质干细胞悬液,模型对照组和假手术组不做任何处理。采用Morris水迷宫检测各组实验大鼠学习记忆能力,苏木精-伊红染色观察脑组织病理形态变化。结果与结论:(1)造模成功后,模型对照组大鼠的逃避潜伏期高于假手术对照组,跨越平台次数低于假手术对照组;(2)细胞移植后第1,2,4,8,10周,随着治疗时间的延长,干细胞治疗组大鼠的逃避潜伏期明显缩短,跨越平台次数明显增加。与模型对照组相比,干细胞治疗组大鼠的学习、记忆能力有所改善;(3)干细胞治疗组脑组织细胞形态比较完整,细胞变性、坏死数量与模型对照组相比明显减少;(4)结果表明,骨髓间充质干细胞移植能有效改善老年性痴呆大鼠的学习和记忆能力,对老年性痴呆有一定的治疗作用。

BACKGROUND： More recently, studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced in vitro to differentiate into neuron-like cells that are used for in vivo transplantation to repair nerve damage. OBJECTIVE： To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on learning and memory ability of senile dementia rats. METHODS： Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups： normal control group, stem cell therapy group and model control group. Rats in the latter two groups were used to establish animal models of senile dementia by intracranial injection of β-amyloid 1-40. Three weeks after modeling, rats were given bilateral hippocampal injection of induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell suspension in the stem cell therapy group, whereas no treatment was given in the normal control and model control groups. Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory ability of rats, and rat＇s brain tissues were detected pathologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： After modeling, the escape latency was higher and the cross-platform frequency was lower in the model control group compared with the normal control group. After cell transplantation, the escape latency and cross-platform frequency were gradually shortened and increased with time, respectively. Compared with the model control group, the learning and memory abilities of rats were improved in the stem cell therapy group. The brain tissues were relatively intact in structure and exhibited less cell degeneration and necrosis in the stem cell therapy group compared with the model control group. To conclude, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation exerts certain therapeutic effects on senile dementia by effectively improving the learning and memory ability.