数字化影像导航模块辅助儿童胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入的准确及安全性

Accuracy and safety of digital image navigation aid module for thoracic pedicle screw placement in children

背景:椎弓根螺钉内固定已在儿童胸椎损伤中得到应用,常规方法更多的以徒手置钉为主,该方法虽然能满足手术需要,但是精度较低,并发症发生率较高,使得数字化影像导航辅助模块的运用成为可能。目的:探讨数字化影像导航模块辅助儿童胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入的准确性及安全性。方法:8具胸椎尸体标本采用随机数字方法分为徒手置入组和数字化影像导航辅助模块组,每组4具。徒手置入组行徒手置钉,数字化影像导航辅助模块组根据CT扫描结果结合逆向工程原理以及快速成型理论制作影像导航辅助模块,利用数字化影像导航辅助模块置入椎弓根螺钉。结果与结论:(1)数字化影像导航辅助模块组一次置钉成功率显著高于徒手置入组(P<0.05);(2)数字化影像导航辅助模块组和徒手置入组均分别植入28枚螺钉,数字化影像导航辅助模块组置钉优良率为96%,显著高于徒手置入组的75%(P<0.05);(3)结果表明,采用数字化影像导航模块,能够有效的提高椎弓根螺钉置入成功率,并且该方法操作相对简单,易于掌握,能够根据每一位患儿情况制定个性化置钉方案。

BACKGROUND： Pedicle screw fixation has been used in children with thoracic injury. Conventional method is screw implantation by hand. This method can meet the needs of surgery, but its accuracy was low, and incidence of complications was high. The application of digital image navigation aid module is possible. OBJECTIVE： To study accuracy and safety of digital image navigation aid module in thoracic pedicle screw placement. METHODS： Eight thoracic vertebral bodies were equally and randomly assigned to the manual insertion group and the digital image navigation aid module group. Manual insertion group received manual screw insertion. In the digital image navigation aid module group, navigation aid module was made according to CT scan results combined with principle of reverse engineering and rapid prototyping. Pedicle screw was placed using the digital image navigation aid module. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：（1） Success rate of once screw set was significantly higher in the digital imaging navigation aid module group than in the manual insertion group（P〈0.05）.（2） Twenty-eight screws were implanted in the digital image navigation aid module group and manual insertion group separately. The excellent and good rate of screw placement was 96% in the digital image navigation aid module group and 75% in the manual insertion group（P〈0.05）.（3） These findings suggested that digital image navigation aid module can effectively improve the success rate of pedicle screw insertion. Moreover, this method is simple, easy to operate, and can make a personalized nail placement program for each child.