2007—2015年绵阳市职业病发病情况

Epidemiological analysis of occupational diseases in Mianyang City from 2007-2015

目的分析绵阳市2007—2015年职业病发病特征,为制定职业病防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集绵阳市2007—2015年各职业病诊断机构上报的职业病病例,并进行统计分析。结果 12007—2015年绵阳市共报告新发职业病172例,涉及5类14种职业病,历年职业病发病数呈波动性变化。职业病类别以尘肺病、职业性化学中毒、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病为主,分别占86.63%、6.40%和5.23%。其中居前3位的职业病病种为矽肺、煤工尘肺和噪声聋,占发病总数的88.37%。2发病病例以男性为主,占96.51%;平均发病年龄(53.02±12.95)岁;平均发病工龄(12.95±10.51)a。3全市10个区县均有职业病报告,其中江油市、安县、涪城区的职业病病例数占总例数的83.14%;病例分布在7大行业,以采矿业和制造业病例数最多,共占84.30%。职业病主要集中在私营企业,占48.26%;企业规模以小型企业为主,占49.42%。结论 2007—2015年绵阳市职业病以尘肺病为主,防治的重点行业是采矿业和制造业。应加大对重点地区和重点人群的职业病防控宣传,加强对私营企业和小型企业的监督管理。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational diseases in Mianyang City from 2007-2015,provide a scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control policies of occupational diseases.[Methods] The cases of occupational diseases reported by diagnosis institutions in Mianyang City from 2007-2015 were collected and analyzed statistically.[Results]1From 2007 to 2015,a total of 172 cases of occupational disease were reported in Mianyang City,involving five categories and fourteen kinds of occupational disease. The cases number appeared a fluctuated trend. The three most frequent diseases were pneumoconiosis（86.63%）,occupational chemical poisonings（6.40%）and occupational ear,nose and throat（ENT）diseases（5.23%）.Silicosis,coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis and noise-induced deafness were the leading three diseases with the highest incidence rates,accounting for 88.37% of total cases. 2 96.51% of patients were male. The average age of onset was（53.02±12.95）years old,and average service length was（12.95±10.51）years. 3Patients with occupational disease were reported in 10 districts/counties of Mianyang City,and cases in Jiangyou,Anxian and Fucheng accounted for 83.14% of total cases. These cases were found in7 major industries,and 84.30% of cases occurred in mining industry and manufacturing industry. The economic type was mainly the private economy（48.26）,and cases in small enterprise accounted for 49.42%.[Conclusion]The main occupational disease in Mianyang City is pneumoconiosis from 2007-2015,and the prevention and control should focus on mining industry and manufacturing industry. It is necessary to increase the publicity on prevention and control of occupational diseases in key areas and high-risk populations,and strengthen the supervision and management of the private sectors and small enterprises.