2015年大理州职业病危害企业职业健康状况调查结果

Results of occupational health survey in enterprises with occupational hazards of Dali Prefecture in 2015

目的了解大理州存在职业病危害因素的企业基本情况和防治现状,为制定职业病防治策略提供技术依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,使用统一表格,相关工作人员集中培训,统一要求和方法,由各级安监部门提供基础信息,疾病预防控制机构调查核实,汇总信息并上报,各职业健康检查机构录入个案数据,大理州疾病预防控制中心进行数据分析。结果大理州有11个县市存在监测的职业病危害因素,以噪声为主,涉及企业213家;接触人数最多的是大型企业,占接触人数的39.98%(6 003/15 013)。小型企业和私有企业存在严重的职业病危害因素,各占总企业数的46.48%和60.56%;2015年开展职业健康检查的有20家企业,分布于8个县市,参检企业的实检率为97.99%。结论大理州存在的职业危害因素以噪声、粉尘为主,相关部门应加强对小型企业和私营企业的监管,提高企业的法律意识和劳动者的自我保护意识,按期进行职业健康监护和现场检测,降低职业健康风险,做好职业健康管理工作。

[Objective]To understand the basic situation and prevention status in enterprises with occupational hazards of Dali Prefecture,provide the basis for developing the occupational disease prevention and control strategies. [Methods]Using cross-sectional survey method and unified form,the relevant workers were trained with the uniform requirements and methods,and safety departments provided the basic information,disease prevention and control institutions investigated and verified to collect and report the data,occupational health examination institutions input data of the cases,and Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention analyzed the data. [Results]11 counties/cities had the occupational hazards in Dali Prefecture,which was mainly noise,involving 213 enterprises. Most of exposed workers were found in large enterprises,accounting for 39.98%（6 003/15 013）of total exposed workers. Small businesses and private enterprises had serious occupational hazards,respectively accounting for 46.48% and 60.56% of total enterprises. 20 enterprises have carried out the occupational health examination in2015,distributing in 8 counties/cities,and the actual examination rate was 97.99%. [Conclusion]The main occupational hazards are noise and dust in Dali Prefecture. The relevant departments should strengthen supervision in small businesses and private enterprises,improve the legal awareness of enterprises and self protection consciousness of workers,and regularly carry out the occupational health monitoring and field testing,to reduce the risk of occupational health,and implement the occupational health management.