访谈类节目中的话轮控制策略研究

Research on Turn-controlling Strategies in Interview

话轮转换是人类会话中特有的言语机制,会话存在之处就必然有话轮转换的存在。交谈中有意识的运用话轮转换机制就形成了话轮控制策略。作为以主持人和受访嘉宾的会话吸引观众的语言类节目,访谈类节目需要良好的运用话轮控制策略。访谈类节目中的话轮控制策略有让出话轮策略、夺取话轮策略和保持话轮策略。作为节目进程的掌控者,主持人会更多地使用让出话轮策略和夺取话轮策略;而处于从属地位的受访者更多地使用保持话轮策略。

Turning-taking is an intrinsic verbal system of the human conversation,so where there is conversation,there is turn-taking. The strategies consciously used in taking turns are called turn-controlling strategies. The interview is a kind of linguistic program which attracts the audience by interaction between the host and the interviewee. The successful interview must follow the rules of the turn-controlling strategies wonderfully. The turn-controlling strategies including turn-yielding strategy,turn-claiming strategy and turn-holding strategy in the interview are analyzed. The host in the interview employs turn-yielding and turn-claiming strategies more often than not,which is due to his / her institutional identity. While according to their secondary status,the interviewees use more turn-holding strategies.