基于载荷标定的城际列车转向架载荷及应力分布特征研究

Study on Intercity Train Load Spectrum Distribution Estimation and Calibration Methods Based on Load Demarcation

对城际列车构架的载荷状态进行研究,确定载荷识别点并进行载荷的标定实验,提出载荷系新的研究方法,引入真实载荷的概念,区分于实测载荷,利用标定结果还原出真实作用载荷,提高了线路实测数据的有效利用。利用卡方分布检验法估计真实载荷分布,验证了真实载荷服从威布尔分布,实测载荷服从威布尔分布或对数正态分布,各测点应力服从威布尔分布和对数正态分布的组合分布。通过本文的研究,还原了城际列车载荷测试中真实载荷、实测载荷、实测应力三者从前到后叠加的完整过程,理清了各载荷及应力的相互关系,对车辆构架载荷测试及疲劳寿命估计有重要意义。

This paper presented a study on the load state of intercity train framework. After the load identification points were determined and load calibration experiments were carried out, the new research method for load system was proposed and the concept of real load was introduced, which was distinguished from measured loads. The real load was restored with the use of calibration results to improve the rational and efficient use of the measured data of the line. The chisquare distribution test method was used to estimate the true load distribution. The real load was proved to follow the Weibull distribution. The measured load was proved to follow the Weibull or lognormal distribution. The stress of each measuring point was proved to follow the portfolio of Weibull and lognormal distributions. The front-to-back complete process of superposition for real load, measured load and measured stress of the intercity train was restored. The relationship between the various loads and stresses was clarified, which was significant to the load test and fatigue life estimation of vehicle framework.