太阳风暴对高速铁路轨道继电器的影响研究

Study on Impact of Solar Storms on High-speed Railway Track Relay

轨道继电器作为高速铁路轨道电路的重要组成部分,连接于轨道电路的受电端末尾,继电器轨道线圈两端的电压或者继电器的前接点压力直接执行着动接点的吸起和落下两个状态。太阳风暴引发的地磁感应电流GIC(Geomagnetically Induced Current)侵入高速铁路钢轨,并通过轨道电路流通至轨道继电器。本文介绍了太阳风暴侵害轨道继电器的机理,等效了轨道电路的四端网络模型,并计算出模型内无地磁感应电流时各个节点的电气参数,推算出钢轨中存在的地磁感应电流和轨道继电器两端电压变化的关系式。借助Ansoft软件对轨道继电器的端电压、损耗情况、前接点压力进行仿真。结果表明:在调整状态下,1.5A以上的不对称地磁感应电流足以使轨道继电器由吸起状态误动为落下状态,对轨道电路造成干扰,继而影响整个高速铁路的安全运行。

Track relay, an important part of the high-speed railway track circuit, is connected to the end of the track circuit receiving equipment. The voltage at both ends of the track coil of the relay or the front contact pressure of the relay directly implements the two states of the movable contact： picking up and dropping down . When Geomagnetically Induced Current caused by solar storms penetrates the railway, it flows into the track relay through high-speed railway track circuit. This paper analyzed the mechanism how the solar storm invaded the track relay and figured out the four-terminal network equivalent model of the track circuit. Based on the calculation of the electrical parameters of each node within the model without GIC, the relationship between the GIC in the rail and the voltage at both ends of the track relay was deduced. Ansoft software was used to simulate the terminal voltage, the loss and the front contact pressure across the track relay. Results showed that, when there was no train on the railway, asymmetric GIC values of over 1. 5 A were enough to cause the malfunction of the track relay from the state of picking up to falling down, causing interference of high-speed railway track circuits, which will further affect the safe operation of high-speed railway.