结构洞对不同属性研发者创新绩效的权变影响研究

The Contingent Effect of Structural Hole on Innovation Performance of Inventors with Different Attributes

以往学者针对结构洞影响创新绩效的机制以及其在不同情境下的权变作用进行了研究,但关于结构洞对具有不同知识异质性水平以及整体网络嵌入性特征研发者的作用差异及其内在机理的研究比较缺乏。利用国内57家电子类高新技术企业专利数据,分别利用知识异质性和核心/边缘网络嵌入性刻画研发者的知识属性和网络属性,探讨了结构洞对创新绩效的权变影响。分析结果显示,研发者自身知识异质性及整体网络中心性对结构洞与创新绩效之间关系均具有正向调节作用,这表明,研发者自身知识优势与结构洞在功能上互补大于替代,对于研发者而言,整合处于核心位置的结构洞价值更大。最后对企业及研发人员提出了相关管理建议。

The literature on innovation have made great effort on understanding the connotation and the contingent effect of structural hole.However,the contingent effect of structure hole on innovation performance of inventors possessing different level of knowledge heterogeneity and embedness centrality are lacking in theoretical and empirical studies.Understanding the contingent mechanism of structural hole is critical for inventors to adjust their network strategy properly and promote efficiency of taking advantage of structure hole.This study uses Chinese patent data of 57 enterprises in electronic industry to construct collaboration network and test hypothesis.On the basis of analyzing the effect of knowledge heterogeneity and coreness in whole network on innovative performance,the moderating effect of both variables on the relationship between structure hole and innovative performance are investigated.The significant results show that knowledge heterogeneity and coreness in core/periphery network both have positive influence to the effect of structure hole on innovative performance.It suggests that the relationship between the own advantages and external resource advantages resulting from structural hole are not substitutive for each other.On the contrary,the improvement of the own advantages is the premise of utilizing structural hole efficiently.Moreover,integrating structural holes lying in core network is more beneficial.The theoretical significance and practical advice are given in the end.