标准化皮肤护理对乳腺癌放疗后皮损疗效的观察

The therapeutic effect of standardized skin nursing intervention on skin lesions caused by radiotherapy for breast cancer

目的探讨标准化皮肤护理对乳腺癌放疗后皮损修复的效果。方法试验纳入95例乳腺癌放疗后出现皮肤损伤的患者,随机分为对照组和试验组,其中对照组47例,试验组48例。两组对象中,年龄、肿瘤类型、皮损分度等基线资料间无明显差异,具有可比性。对照组采用传统乳腺癌术后护理办法,试验组在原有基础上采用标准化皮肤护理,即结合患者累计放射剂量采取对应皮肤护理。分别观察两组患者护理有效率,评价两组间护理效果差异,同时比较两组患者护理前后QLQ-C30量表中总体健康得分情况。结果两组患者护理干预前各级放射性皮肤反应分布比例无明显差异,护理后对照组患者皮肤分度好转有效率显著低于试验组(51.06%VS.70.83%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示标准化皮肤护理干预能显著提高术后放疗皮肤反应恢复率。此外,两组患者护理后QLQ-C30量表中总体健康状况得分较护理前均有明显提高,与对照组比较,试验组护理后该得分改善更为明显(P<0.05)。表明标准化皮肤护理干预能显著提高放疗后患者生活质量。结论标准化皮肤护理干预对乳腺癌术后放疗患者的皮肤损伤及生活质量提高有效。

Objective To investigate the influence of standardized nursing intervention on skin lesions caused by radiotherapy for breast cancer. Methods The study enrolled 95 breast cancer patients who suffering radioactive skin reactions after radiotherapy,and they were divided into the observation group and the control group,47 cases in the control group and 48 cases in the observation group. The differences of age,tumor type and skin lesions between the two groups were not statistically significant before intervention. Patients in the control group were treated with routine nursing measures after operation. The patients in observation group were given standardized nursing intervention on the basis of the routine care. The effective rate and effect of nursing of the two groups were observed respectively,QLQ-C30 scale scores of the overall health before and after the nursing care were compared.Results The distribution ratio of various levels of radioactive skin reaction was similar in the two groups before the intervention,but the skin indexing improved rate of control group was lower than the observation group（ 51.06% VS. 70.83%）,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）. The overall health scores of QLQ-C30 scale were obviously increased in both groups after the intervention,and it was better in the observation group（ P〈0.05）. Conclusions Standardized nursing intervention has exact effect on radiotherapy caused skin lesions and can improve quality of life of patients with breast cancer.