2012-2015年某二级医院常见病原菌分布与耐药性分析

Distribution of bacteria and drug resistance in our hospital from 2012 to 2015

目的了解临床常见病原菌的分布及耐药性变化,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查的方法,对某医院2012-2015年分离的常见病原菌分布和耐药性变迁进行分析。结果共检出病原菌1 004株,其中革兰阳性菌320株,占31.9%;革兰阴性菌684株,占68.1%;分离菌株居前5位的细菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌以及化脓性链球菌。肠杆菌科对亚胺培南敏感率>96%,铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星敏感率>97%,葡萄球菌属、化脓性链球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺敏感率为100%。结论临床工作中应密切监测病原菌耐药率变化,掌握抗菌药物的敏感性并合理应用抗菌药物,以预防和减少耐药菌株的产生。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of common bacteria so as to provide basis for choosing clinical antimicrobial agents. Methods The distribution of common bacteria and drug resistance were analyzed by the record from 2012 to 2015 in our hospital. Results There were 320 Gram-positive strains （31. 9 %） and 684 Gram-negative strains （68. 1%）. The most prevalent isolated strains were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes,which were increasing year by year. Escherichia coli was sen-sitive to imipenem at a rate of over 96%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to Amikacin at a rate of over 97%. Staph-ylococcus and Streptococcus pyogenes were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid at a rate of 100%. Conclusion With the fluctuation of bacteria drug-resistance rate,we should strengthen the monitoring of bacterial drug-resistance and master the sensitivity and resistance rates;also we should find the right way to choose Antimicrobial agents and use the effective meas-ure of controlling for preventing and reducing the drug-resistant strains.