星级酒店市场集中与影响因素分析——以长沙市为例

Analysis of Star Hotel Market Centralization and Influencing Factors—A Case Study of Changsha

结合国内外城市星级酒店空间分布的研究成果,以长沙市星级酒店为研究对象,运用市场集中度测算方法,分别借助市场集中度指数、洛伦兹曲线以及基尼系数和赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数,从绝对集中度指数和相对集中度指数两个方面,测算出长沙市六区星级酒店在市场规模上集中程度;研究结果表明,长沙市六区的星级酒店的总体市场规模集中度较低,市场竞争程度较激烈,高星级酒店没有垄断或寡头的存在,但存在一定程度的品牌集中、区位集中,随着星级的降低,市场的集中程度也降低,市场竞争格局更加激烈,高星级酒店市场规模处于适中区间,中低星级酒店的市场规模比较平均,总体表现良好。

Based on domestic and foreign research results of spatial distribution of city star hotels, taking the star hotels in Changsha as the research object, the paper adopts market concentration measurement method, measures the concentration degree of star hotels in six districts of Changsha from absolute concentration index and relative concentration index, respectively with the aid of market concentration index, the Lorenz Curve and Gini coefficient and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. Research resuhs show that the concentration degree of the star hotels in the six districts of Changsha is low, the market competition is f^erce, there is no monopoly or oligarchs, but there is a certain degree of brand concentration and geographic concentration, with the decrease of the star level, the lower market concentration degree is, the more intense the market competition. The market scale of high star-rated hotels is within the moderate range, and the scale of medium- and low-rated star hotels is average, with overall good performance.