刑事特别程序辨义

Theoretical Arguments and Legislative Interpretations of the Definition of Criminal Special Procedure

作为刑事程序体系发展所取得重大成果的刑事特别程序,其概念界定当前并未形成通说。根据已有研究,主要存在普通程序对立说、特别刑事实体法实现说、简易程序说和刑事普通程序补充说,而这些学说都存在一定的欠缺与不足。根据尊重历史沿革和立法现状,预留未来发展空间,内涵明确、外延周延和尊重程序基本法理等基本原则;通过将刑事特别程序这一复合概念解构为刑事、特别和程序三个简单概念;结合立法背景和基本法理;可以将刑事特别程序的概念界定为:刑事诉讼法所规定的,在刑事司法领域内,适用于特殊类型案件的刑事诉讼程序和处理特定刑事司法事项的非刑事诉讼程序的统称。

As one of the major developments of criminal procedure system,criminal special procedure does not form a general concept. Previous studies show different theories on it,including the opposition of normal procedure theory,the realization of special criminal laws theory,summary procedure theory and the supplement of criminal normal procedure theory. However,all these theories have some shortages. In order to define criminal special procedure,the principles,including respecting the history and legislation,reserving further developing space,definite intension,precise extension and respecting process,are discussed. Also,the concept of criminal special procedure is divided into three simple concepts—criminal,special and procedure. Combining legislation and basic jurisprudence,the concept of criminal special procedure is that,it is stipulated in criminal procedure law,and is part of criminal justice,and refers to criminal procedure applying to special cases and non- criminal procedure applying to special criminal justice matters.