开放式和封闭式围栏陷阱对农田小型兽类的控制效果

Effects of open and closed trap-barried system (TBS) fences to control small mammals in the field

为进一步了解围栏陷阱(trap-barried system,TBS)不同安装方式对农田小型兽类的控制效果,于2015—2016年在贵州省新蒲新区开展开放式和封闭式两种TBS控制农田小型兽类对比试验。结果表明,两种TBS共捕获农田小型兽类109只,包括啮齿目的黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠、小家鼠和食虫目的鼩鼱。两种TBS均以捕获黑线姬鼠数量最多,分别占捕获总数的72.88%和76.00%,平均占74.31%,捕获小型兽类的种类及组成比例差异不大,说明不同安装方式对捕获农田小型兽类没有明显的影响。两种TBS捕获农田小型兽类数量差异不显著,但不同月份间捕获数量存在显著差异,且数量变化趋势相同,说明两种TBS对农田小型兽类都有一定的控制效果。贵州坡地山区可选择开放式TBS,在平坝区域可选择封闭式TBS。

In order to investigate the effects of different installations for fence of trap-barried system （TBS） to control small mammals in the field, a contrast test was conducted by the open and closed TBS fences in Xinpu New District of Guizhou Province from 2015 to 2016. A total of 109 farmland small mammals were captured by the open and closed TBS fences, including Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus of Rodentia, and Sorex araneus of Insectivora. The greatest numbers of small mammals captured were A.agrarius by the open and closed TBS fences, respectively accounting for 72.88% and 76.00% of the total number of mammals captured, an average of 74.31%. However, differences in species of small mammals captured and their proportions were insignificant. As we saw, the capture results by two installation methods of TBS fences were similar in quantity and species. Meanwhile, there were significant differences in quantity of farmland small mammals captured between months, and the dynamics in open and closed TBS fences were the same. It has been concluded that open and closed TBS fences were both effective to control small mammals in the field. The open TBS fence was feasible in the mountainous slope and the closed TBS fence in the plain areas in Guizhou Province.