英国曼布克文学奖的“声誉经济”管理及其启示

On the Management of the “Economy of the Prestige” of the Man Booker Prize and Its Illuminations

1969年启动的曼布克文学奖调动了英国各种文化资源参与文学生产,促使作为象征资本的文学奖声誉以较高比率转换为经济资本等,从而形成独特的文学奖"声誉经济"模式。该奖管理者围绕文学奖的"声誉经济"所创立的评审机制,维护了文学奖评选的合法性和公正性,并协调参与者之间的关系,使声誉在参与者之间顺利流通。此外,管理者还与具有大众传播基础的媒体及影视业合作吸引公众积极地参与曼布克文学奖,在全球培养英语文学读者群,使文学奖成为英国文化输出的一个重要手段。曼布克奖管理者在创新文化管理方面的经验值得参考借鉴。

Since its foundation in 1969 , the Man Booker Prize has engaged the cultural resources of Britain into the production of literature, transforming the symbolic capital of prestige into the economic capital at a high rate. The British mode of “economy of prestige” of the prize was formulated and the management of the prize was cen-tered around this mode. Under the administration of management committee, the selection mechanism was designed to ensure the legitimacy and impartiality of the judge panel ,s decision on the one hand, and to mediate the relation-ships between prize participants on the other hand. The prestige of the prize has circulated among the prize partici-pants. In addition, the administrators have cooperated with the media to facilitate the social visibility of the prize so as to get readers actively involved and expand the readership in the world. The prize serves as an important means for the cultural exports of Britain.