神经外科术后颅内感染的预防和治疗

The Prevention and Treatment of Neurosurgical Postoperative Intracranial Infection

目的探讨有效预防和治疗神经外科术后颅内感染的措施,提高患者术后恢复率。方法回顾方便选取的2015年1月—2016年1月期间于该院神经外科进行开颅手术的82例病例,随机分为两组,每组41例。预防组患者给予全面预防措施,对照组患者仅监测术后体征,及时治疗出现颅内感染的患者。观察两组患者术后颅内感染的情况。结果比较两组术后颅内感染的发病率,预防组感染5例,发病率12.20%,对照组感染14例,发病率34.15%,两组患者术后颅内感染发病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);分析发现,术后颅内感染的患者采用CSF培养及药敏试验特异性应用抗生素的方法治疗后有显著疗效,预防组患者治疗有效率100%,对照组患者治疗有效率92.86%,两组有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论术前预防性应用抗生素、缩短手术时间,术后加强护理、注意饮食等可降低术后感染风险,根据CSF培养及药敏试验特异性应用抗生素可提高术后颅内感染的疗效。

Objective Discussion on effective measures to prevent and treat neurosurgical intracranial infections, improve postoperative recovery rate.Methods Convenient selection review between January 2015 to January 2016 in our hospital neurosurgery craniotomy surgery during 82 cases were randomly divided into prevention group and the control group, each group of 41 cases.Prevention group patients give comprehensive prevention measures of intracranial infection, the control group only keep monitoring postoperative patients with signs,timely treatment of intracranial infection patients.Compare two groups of patients of postoperative intracranial infection.Results Comparison of the two groups of patients the incidence of intracranial infection, infection prevention group 5 cases, the incidence of12.20%, 14 cases of infection in the control group,the incidence of 34.15%,the postoperative intracranial infection incidence difference was statistically significant(P <0.01);the analysis found that patients with intracranial infection in cerebrospinal fluid culture and sensitivity test using specific antibiotic treatment methods have a significant effect, prevention group efficiency 100%,control group efficiency 92.86%,the two groups there was no significant difference in efficiency(P> 0.05) treatment.Conclusion Preoperative prophylactic antibiotics, shorten the operation time and postoperative intensive care, attention to diet can reduce the risk of postoperative infection, cerebrospinal fluid culture and sensitivity test in accordance with specific antibiotics can increase intracranial infection treatment.