气动载荷作用下高速列车横向振动虚拟惯性阻尼半主动控制研究

Virtual inertial damping semi-active control for high-speed-train lateral vibration under aerodynamic loads

高速列车在会车气动载荷作用下,车体横向振动加剧,传统的基于天棚阻尼原理的半主动控制对此横向振动控制效果并不理想。针对这一问题,利用系统动力学仿真分析软件UM,建立CRH某型高速列车三维模型,分析气动载荷作用下车体横向振动的特征;提出了用工程中的可控阻尼实现阻尼力与加速度成正比而方向相反的虚拟惯性阻尼控制算法,在轨道不平顺及气动载荷激励下对车体横向振动进行半主动控制。结果表明:虚拟惯性阻尼控制方法不仅能抑制轨道不平顺引起的横向振动,还能很好地衰减气动载荷带来的横向振动,提高列车横向平稳性;能对人体头部和内脏较敏感频率范围的横向振动也有较好抑制,提高旅客舒适性。

Lateral vibration of high-speed trains will get exacerbated under intersection aerodynamic loads. The traditional semi-active control methods based on skyhook damping principle cannot achieve good effect for the lateral vibration. To solve the problem, a three-dimensional model of a certain type of CRH high-speed train was established with the vehicle system dynamic simulation software UM. And the characteristics of the vehicle lateral vibration were analyzed under aerodynamic loads. A virtual inertial damper control method was presented to realize semi-active control to vehicle lateral vibration under the excitation of track irregularity and aerodynamic loads. This control method was achieved by engineering controllable damping, whose damping force was proportional to the acceleration in the opposite direction. The results show that virtual inertial damping semi-active control can suppress the lateral vibration caused by track irregularity and also attenuate the lateral vibration brought by aerodynamic loads, which improves the lateral stability of the train. Meanwhile, the lateral vibration is also suppressed in the frequency range to which human man’s head and internal organs are more sensitive. This improves passenger comfort.