农村土地流转现状、问题与对策——以黑龙江省为例

Status quo, Problems and Countermeasures of Rural land circulation——Taking Heilongjiang Province as an example

通过采用部门调研和问卷调查等方式,课题组对黑龙江省农村土地流转的新态势进行了宏观把握,对存在的主要问题进行了梳理,并据此提出了相应的策略与建议。研究表明,黑龙江省农村土地流转呈现出流转数量扩大化、形式多样化、主体规模化、效益综合化、体系雏形化、行为理性化、政策主导化等特点,存在着流转思想不积极、主体不强大、行为不规范、体系不健全、租赁待完善、收益待提升、政策不配套等问题。研究提出,要从坚持家庭经营,夯实农业经营主体基础;保障农民土地承包经营权,进一步搞好土地确权工作;建立健全农地流转市场,培育市场化流转机制;监管农业企业经营土地,支持农地股份合作社发展;加大财政金融保险支农力度,重点倾斜规模经营主体;培育新型职业农民,破解种地难题等层面提出策略与建议。

By adopting department investigation and questionnaire survey, the team grasps the new situation of rural land circulation of Heilongjiang Province, comds the main problems and puts forward the corresponding strategies and suggestions. Research shows that land circulation of rural land circulation in Heilongjiang Prov- ince presents the characteristics of flow quantity expansion, form diversification, the main body scale, benefit in- tegration and system prototype, behavior rationalization and policy leading. The problems include negativr thoughts, the main body not strong, abnormal behavior and system not sound, lease with perfect specification, earnings with ascension, imperfect policy supporting and so on. The research puts forwards strategies and sug- gestions such as insisting on family business, strengthening the agricultural management main body, safeguard- ing farmers＇ right to the contracted management of land and so on.