底板爆破治理巷道底鼓技术研究

Research on control technology of tunnel floor heave with floor blasting

在软岩巷道中经常出现底板大量鼓出的现象,采矿工程中称之为底鼓。本文以爆破破碎围岩力学原理为基础,详细分析了采用底板局部爆破治理巷道底鼓的力学原理。在此基础上,做了相关实验,得出了采用底板局部爆破技术治理巷道底鼓的效果与炸药最小埋藏深度,爆破类型,炸药量,炮孔尺寸等有关。采用声波探测仪测试底板围岩松动圈,结果显示采用底板局部爆破来预防和降低巷道底鼓是一个有效的方法。

The heaved floor often appear in soft rock tunnel, this is called floor heave in mining engineering. The mechanics principle of floor heave controled by floor local blasting was analyzed in detail based on mechanical principle of crushed surrounding rocks after blasting in this paper. On this basis, the relevant experiments have been done. The effect of floor heave controled by blasting is related to the minimum burial depth of explosives, the type of blasting, the amount of explosives, the size of the hole and so on. Loosening ring of floor rock was tested by sound wave detector. The results showed that it was an effective method to prevent and reduce floor heave by using the floor local blasting.