五味子药渣提取物中木脂素类成分分析及其对急性肝损伤模型大鼠的保护作用

Analysis of lignan components in Schizandrae Fructus residue extracts and their protective effects on acute-hepatic damnification rat

目的分析生脉注射液生产过程五味子药渣提取物中木脂素类成分,并考察其对大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用和对肠道菌群结构的影响,以期为五味子药渣的资源化利用提供科学依据。方法采用乙醇对五味子药渣进行提取,得到五味子药渣提取物;制备四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的急性肝损伤大鼠模型,以丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、白蛋白(ALB)和总蛋白(TP)为指标,评价五味子药渣提取物对肝损伤的保护作用;通过对大鼠肝脏、结肠组织的病理观察结果评价五味子药渣提取物对肝损伤的保护作用;通过肠道菌群的组成变化评价五味子药渣提取物对肠道菌的影响。结果 HPLC分析表明,五味子药渣提取物中五味子甲素、五味子乙素、五味子丙素、五味子醇甲、五味子醇乙和五味子酯甲的质量分数分别为1.44、3.42、1.68、4.22、2.92、0.58 mg/g;药效学研究表明,五味子药渣提取物对急性肝损伤大鼠血清中ALT、AST水平具有显著的抑制作用(P<0.01),对ALB、TP水平有一定的升高作用(P<0.05);病理学观察结果显示,给药组肝脏和结肠黏膜损伤程度降低;与模型组相比,五味子药渣提取物高、低剂量组可使大鼠肠道内益生菌乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌明显增多(P<0.05),大鼠肠道内肠球菌和肠杆菌明显减少(P<0.05)。结论五味子药渣提取物中仍富含木脂素类成分,其对CCl4所致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,并具有调节肠道益生菌增殖、保护结肠组织结构完整性的作用。

Objective The lignan components in Schizandrae Fructus residue extracts were analized and evaluated. The protective effect of Schizandrae Fructus residue extracts on acute-hepatic damnification rat and the influence of that on intestinal flora were researched in the process of Shengmai Injection production, in order to provide the scientific basis for the development and utilization of Schizandrae Fructus extract. Methods Schizandrae Fructus residue extract was extracted by the 60% ethanol. The model of acute-hepatic damnification rats induced by CCl4 was prepared, the protective effects of Schizandrae Fructus residue extracts on hepatic-damnification rats were evaluated through the data of ALT, AST, ALB, and TP; The function of the extracts were evaluated by histopathological observation of the liver and colon of rats; Effect of extracts on hepatic-damnification rat＇s intestinal flora was evaluated by the number and the number variation of the intestinal flora. Results The results showed that the mass fractions of schisandrin A, schizandrin B, schizandrin C, gomisin A, gomisin B, and schisantherin A were 1.44, 3.42, 1.68, 4.22, 2.92, and 0.58 mg/g, respectively. Pharmacodynamic evaluation showed that Schizandrae Fructus extracts can significantly reduce the content of AST and ALT（P 〈 0.01） and increase the content of ALB and TP in a certain extent in the serum of acute-hepatic damnification rats（P 〈 0.05）; Mucous damage score of liver and colon is significantly decreased; Compared to liver injury group, Schizandrae Fructus extracts of high dose group and low dose group can significantly promote the proliferation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium（P 〈 0.05） but reduce the number of Enterococcus and Enterobacteria in the intestinal tract of rats（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Schizandrae Fructus residue extracts have the protective effects on the acute-hepatic damnification rats induced by CCl4, the effect of regulating intestinal flora and the proliferation of probiotics, the effect of protecting the constitution integrity of colon tissue, which provide a main basis for its further development and utilization.