贵州农田大足鼠种群生态特征分析

Analysis of population ecology characteristics of farmland Rattus nitidus in Guizhou

对1984—2015年贵州省岑巩县、息烽县、关岭县农田大足鼠种群生态特征资料分析表明,雌、雄鼠体重、体长等形态特征均无显著性差异。大足鼠在稻田区、旱地耕作区占总鼠数的1.19%,为农田常见鼠种之一。种群数量较低,平均捕获率为0.035%,每年在6—7月和10—11月出现两个种群数量高峰。夏季和秋季种群数量明显高于春季和冬季。种群总性比为0.92,平均怀孕率10.53%,平均胎仔数7.17只,平均睾丸下降率41.94%,平均繁殖指数0.36。主要繁殖期在4—9月。春季和夏季是农田大足鼠种群繁殖力较强的季节。平均肥满度为3.27 g/cm3,不同性别、生境、年龄、季节之间肥满度差异均不显著。

Based on analysis of population ecology characteristics resources of farmland Rattus nitidus in Cengong county, Xifeng county and GuanLing County of Guizhou province from 1984 to 2015, there were no significant difference of morphological characteristics between female and male mice. R. nitidus was a common kind of mouse in paddy field and dry farming area, accounted for 1.19% of the total mice with average capture rate of 0.035%. There were two occurring peaks during June-July and October-November of a year, and the population nmnbers was significantly higher in summer and autumn than that in spring and winter. In this speeies,total population sex ratio was 0.92, average pregnant rate was 10.53%, average fetus number was 7.17, average rate of coral testis was 41.94%, and average reproductive index was 0.36. Main breeding season was from April to September, and population fertility was strong in spring and summer. Average relative fatness was 3.27 g/cm3, and there were no significant difference between genders, habitat, age and season.