江西省油茶农家品种表型多样性研究

Phenotypic genetic diversity of Camellia oleifera farm cultivars of Jiangxi Province

江西省油茶农家品种栽培历史悠久,遗传资源丰富。调查并分析江西省油茶农家品种表型性状多样性,结果表明：不同农家种质果实、花和叶片都存在较大差异,各性状变异系数在0.07~0.50之间,遗传多样性指数在1.516~2.137之间,表明江西省油茶农家种质具有丰富的遗传信息和选择潜力。数量性状相关性分析表明,叶宽、花冠直径、单果重3个指标与其他指标关联性强。主成分分析表明,单果重、果高、果径、果皮厚4个数量性状具有丰富的遗传信息,可作为果实优先评价项目,而叶长、叶宽、叶周长、叶面积4个数量性状可作为叶片优先评价项目。

There are abundant genetic resources and long cultivated history of Camellia oleifera farm cultivars in Jiangxi Province. In this study,phenotypic characters genetic diversity of Camellia oleifera farm cultivars in Jiangxi Province were investigated and analyzed,the results showed that,there were significant differences in fruit,leaf and flowers. The variation coefficient was varied from 0. 07 to 0. 50,and the genetic diversity index was varied from 1. 516 to 2. 137,which indicated that there were abundant genetic information and choose potential in Camellia oleifera farm cultivars in Jiangxi Province. Correlation analysis showed that leaf width,corolla diameter and fruit weight had strong relativity to other quantitative characters. Principal component analysis showed that 4 quantitative characters,including fruit weight,fruit size,fruit width and pericarp thickness should be preferentially considered as evaluation items for fruit,and 4 quantitative characters,including leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and leaf circumference should be preferentially considered as evaluation items for leaf.