不同花椒品种光合特性比较研究

Research of the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Varieties of Chinese Prickly Ash

为筛选和推广高光效基因型花椒优良品种,寻求花椒品种最佳的光合效率管理模式,提高花椒产量和质量,在自然条件下,用Li-6400XT光合测定仪对8种不同产地4年生花椒树进行光合生理特性测定并分析。结果表明：8种花椒净光合速率日平均值大小顺序为党村无刺〉狮子头〉秦安一号〉武都大红袍〉无刺花椒〉府谷花椒〉韩城大红袍〉凤县大红袍;8种花椒的净光合速率日变化曲线呈单峰型和双峰型2种类型;相关分析表明,8种花椒叶片的净光合速率与其蒸腾速率、气孔导度、水分利用率呈显著或极显著正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;对8种花椒进行光响应、CO2响应曲线拟合,得出8种花椒光的补偿点为36.30～102.76μmol/（m^2·s）,饱和点为332.41～467.89μmol/（m^2·s）;CO2补偿点为47.46～76.41μmol/（m^2·s）,饱和点为698.887～1 509.000μmol/（m^2·s）。结果可为以后栽培管理、推广花椒提供参考依据。

In order to obtain for screening and utilization of high photosynthetic efficiency genotype of photosynthetic efficiency of Chinese prickly ash varieties,seeking the best management mode,improve the quality of Chinese prickly ash. In the fields,used the Li-6400 XT photosynthetic apparatus to measure and analyzed eight different origin 4 years Chinese prickly ash trees for photosynthetic physiological characteristics. The results showed that the instantaneous net photosynthetic rateis as follows： Dangcunwuci Shizitou Qinanyihao Wududahongpao Wucihuajiao Fuguhuajiao Hanchengdahongpao Fengxiandahongpao. The diurnal variation curves of net photosynthetic rate（ Pn） of eight Chinese prickly ash in different producing areas were different,which showed two types,single peak curve and double peak curve. Correlation analysis showed that Chinese prickly ash leaf net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate,cond,water use efficiency had a significant or highly significant positive correlation,leaf net photosynthetic rate and the Ci had a highly significant negative correlation（ P 0. 01）. Though light response curves of Chinese prickly ash light compensation point of the range of 36. 30-102. 76 μmol/（ m^2·s）,and light saturation point range from 332. 41 to 467. 89 μmol/（ m^2·s）. and the CO2 response curves of Chinese prickly ash CO2 compensation point of the range of 47. 46-76. 41 μmol/（ m^2·s）,and CO2 saturation point range from 698. 887 to 1 509. 000 μmol/（ m^2·s）.The experimental results can provide reference for later cultivation and management of Chinese prickly ash.