近五年专科医院住院急诊患儿疾病特征分析

Analysis on emergency surgical hospitalized children nearly five years characteristics of the disease

目的了解某三甲儿科专科医院急诊外科患儿的就诊特点和疾病谱,为优化儿科资源配置和提高儿外科急诊的救治水平提供参考。方法对2010年8月~2015年12月某三甲儿科专科医院急诊外科收治住院患儿的病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果该院自2010年8月底开急诊综合外科,截至2015年底,共收治患儿12 796人次,其中男童9925例,女童仅2871例,两者比例为3.46∶1。收治的患儿中,幼儿最为常见（45.2%）,多在23：00~2：00点间入院,以7~8月份最多。住院患儿疾病构成中,前5位的疾病系统分别为消化系统、损伤和中毒、泌尿生殖系统、先天性畸形、变形和染色体异常以及肿瘤,不同性别和年龄段的疾病顺位有所不同。结论急诊外科主要收治腹股沟疝和肠套叠,患儿多在深夜23：00~2：00间入院。对急诊外科住院患儿的特点和疾病谱进行研究,从而优化急诊外科的资源配置,对医务人员进行重点培训,以提高儿科急诊外科的救治水平。

Objective To explore the characteristics and disease spectrum of emergency surgical hospitalized children from a Grade-A pediatric hospital.Methods The medical records of hospitalized children in surgical emergency department from August 2010 to December 2015 were collected and analyzed Results The surgical emergency department was founded since late August 2010,by the end of 2015,total 12 796 children had been treated,among which9925 were boys,2871 were girls, this ratio was 3.46：1.Among those treated children,the most common were those children who aged more than 1 year and less than 3 years old（45.2%）, the peak treated time was between 23：00~02：00,the peak treated month were July and August.The top five disease system was digestive system disease,injury and poisoning,urogenital system disease,congenital malformation,deformation and chromosomal abnormalities,tumor.The sequence of the disease in different gender and age group were different.Conclusion The most common disease in surgical emergency department were inguinal hernia and intussusception,the peak treated time was between 23：00~02：00.Through the study of characteristics and disease spectrum of hospitalized children in surgical emergency department,so as to optimize the resource allocation and focus on training medical staff, therefore to improve the emergency surgical treatment in pediatric.