高频超声检查在体表软组织损伤法医学鉴定中的应用

Application of high frequency ultrasound for examining superficial soft tissue trauma in forensic identification

目的探讨高频超声检查体表软组织损伤的法医学意义。方法选择经法医检查后128例体表软组织损伤患者,其中男性108例,女性20例;年龄4~65岁,平均年龄31.4岁。对其受伤部位进行高频超声检查,主要包括体表损伤部位、损伤深度及宽度、伤及内容及创道在软组织走行方向。回顾分析超声影像特点。结果 128例体表软组织损伤患者中伤及皮肤及皮下组织223处,伤及肌肉及肌腱102处,伤及神经19处,伤及血管2处,伤及骨皮质7处,合并异物10处,合并血肿21处。创道在软组织内走行方向：垂直型144处,斜型52处,水平型27处。结论高频超声可以清楚地显示并明确体表软组织损伤是否伤及肌肉、肌腱、血管、神经、异物存留及合并症,可以作为法医司法鉴定上有力的补充及提供医学影像科学依据。

Objective To evaluate the forensic significance of high frequency ultrasonography on superficial soft tissue trauma.Methods A total of 128 patients with superficial soft tissue trauma after forensic examination were enrolled, which included108 males and 20 females, aged 4- 65 years old with mean age of 31.4 years old. The high-frequency ultrasound was performed for the injured site, trauma depth and width, contents and injuries direction within soft tissue. The ultrasound imaging features were retrospective analyzed. Results In 128 of superfical soft tissue trauma patients, there were 223 skin and subcutaneous tissue injuries, 102 muscle and tendon injuries, 19 nerve injuries, 2 vascular injuries, 7 cortical injuries, 10 injuries com-bined with foreign body and 21 injuries combined with hematoma; The injuries direction within soft tissue： 144 of vertical type, 52 of oblique type and 27 of horizontal type. Conclusion It is demonstrated that high-frequency ultrasound could display clearly and determine to hurt muscles, tendons, blood vessels, nerves, foreign bodies and complications skin of superficial soft tissue trauma, which could serve as a powerful supplement of forensic identification and provide scientific basis for medical image.