2013年-2015年宁波市轮状病毒腹泻监测与流行情况分析

Surveillance and epidemical analysis of rotavirus diarrhea in Ningbo from 2013 to 2015

目的了解宁波市感染性腹泻患者中轮状病毒感染情况和流行趋势,为防控轮状病毒腹泻提供依据。方法采集2 129份感染性腹泻患者粪便标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测轮状病毒A组、B组和C组;分析检出高峰与消长规律。结果从腹泻患者中检出轮状病毒核酸阳性52份,阳性率为2.44%,以A组感染最多,占检出核酸阳性的94.23%;轮状病毒全年均可检出,秋冬季节是检出高峰;不同年份其阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;以0岁～3岁年龄组阳性率最高,不同性别阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论宁波市轮状病毒腹泻以散发为主,能感染各年龄段人群,但0岁～3岁年龄组人群是感染的重点。应开展针对性的防控,在秋冬两季通过健康教育提高防病意识;接种轮状病毒疫苗,切断传播途径;加强监测,及时预警,减少轮状病毒性腹泻的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence and trends of rotavirus infection in patients with infectious diarrhea in Ningbo,so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of rotavirus diarrhea. Methods The 2 129 samples from the patients with virus diarrhea were detected by RT-PCR by among A,B and C group. Decline rule and detection peak of rotavirus diarrhea was analyzed. Results 52 positive samples were detected and the positive rate was 2. 44%. Most of positive samples were in group A,which occupied 94. 23% in all positive samples. We also found that the rotavirus could be detected in all seasons,and the positive rate of rotavirus was much higher in autumn and winter,there was statistical significance on the difference between different years（ P〈0. 05）. In addition,the positive rate in the 0-3 age group was the highest,and there was statistical significance on the differences（ P〈0. 05） in different genders by this study. Conclusion The popular mode of rotavirus diarrhea was sporadic cases,the 0-3 age group was the susceptible populations. So we should pay attention to enhance health education to improve the awareness of disease control in autumn and winter. Then cut down the route of rotavirus spread by vaccination,and strengthening the surveillance to prevent the occurence of rotavirus diarrhea.