摘要
冻结层上水的水文地球化学特征的研究对了解寒区冻结层上水具有重大的意义。文章通过对冻结层上水的水文地球化学特征的研究,以理论分析和实例阐述的方式指出:(1)冻结层上水化学特征的主要影响因素为自然因素;(2)地下水相变过程对冻结层上水化学特性的影响为使冻结层上水的化学成分和矿化度发生变化;(3)水文地球化学特征受不同季节包气带水分迁移过程的影响,其演化机理主要为:浓缩低温蒸发机理、低温—蒸发浓缩机理、低温—迁移机理;(4)通过对形成于勒拿河河漫滩阶地的季节性融化层的水化学状况的考察,得出:冻结层上水的水化学动态的主要特点主要由水的相变和包气带岩层水分迁移过程决定,可划分出3种主要的冬季冻结层上水的化学成分的浓缩机理:低温-结晶、低温-蒸发、低温-迁移机理。
The research of hydrogeochemical characteristics of frozen groundwater is important to study the frozen groundwater of cold region. Through the research of hydrogeochemical characteristics of frozen groundwater, by way of theory analysis and examples, it points out. （1） the most important influencing factor of the hydrogeochemical characteristics is the natural factor- （2）the influence of chemical characteristics of frozen groundwater of the the phase change process in order to make chemical composition of frozen layer water and salinity change; （3） the hydrogeochemical characteristics of vadose water migration process is different seasons. Its evolution mechanism mainly is： the enrichment mechanism of low temperature evaporation, evaporation and concentration mechanism, low temperature, low temperature-migration mechanism- （4） based on the formed from Lena first bottom seasonal melt layer water chemistry condition, it is concluded that： the main characteristics of frozen groundwater of water chemical dynamic transformation and rock belt is mainly composed of water moisture migration process, can be divided into three main kinds of enrichment mechanism of the chemical composition of frozen groundwater of cold region： crystallization at low temperature, low temperature evaporation and low temperature-migration mechanism.
基金
冻土工程国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLFSE201310)
黑龙江省水文局项目(2014230101000411)
关键词
水文
化学
特征
冻结层上水
寒区
hydrology
chemistry
characteristic
frozen groundwater
cold region
