50咀嚼法对胃癌患者术后康复的影响

Influence of 50 chewing method on postoperative rehabilitation of gastric cancer patients

目的：探讨50咀嚼法对胃癌手术患者术后恢复的影响。方法将某三级甲等肿瘤医院胃肿瘤外科2015年2—12月行胃癌根治术的235例患者，采用随机数字表法分为观察组118例和对照组117例。对照组按护理常规饮食要求进行饮食护理，观察组除与对照组饮食护理相同外，入院后训练并指导患者使用50咀嚼法进食。比较两组患者的早期肠道恢复排气时间、食欲恢复时间、体质量变化和并发症发生情况。结果观察组在早期肠道恢复排气时间为（69.1±5.3）h，食欲恢复时间为（71.1±12.6）h，体质量下降为（3.2±1.4）kg，均小于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组中术后并发症恶心/腹胀14例、肠梗阻1例，对照组发生恶心/呕吐为26例、肠梗阻7例，两组比较差异有统计学意义（ P〈0.05）。结论50咀嚼法的应用可加快胃癌手术患者术后胃肠功能的恢复，减少术后恢复期并发症的发生。

Objective To explore the influence of 50 chewing method on postoperative rehabilitation of gastric cancer patients.Methods Totals of 235 patients, having undergone radical resections for gastricnbsp;cancer during February to December 2015 in Department of stomach oncological surgery in a certain grade-III Level A tumor hospital, were divided according to random number table into observation group with 118 cases, and control group with 117 cases. Patients in the control group were cared by routine diet requirement, while patients in the observation group received extra guidance and training to use the“50 chewing method”. Recovery time of early intestinal exhaust and appetite, change in body mass and incidence of complications of patients in the two groups were compared.Results Recovery time of early intestinal exhaust of patients in the observation group was （69.1±5.3） h, with appetite recovery time （71.1±12.6） h and weight loss （3.2±1.4） kg, all lower than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Postoperative complications happened to both groups. In the observation group, nausea/abdominal distension happened to 14 patients and intestinal obstruction to 1;while in the control group, nausea/vomit happened to 26 patients and intestinal obstruction to 7 （ P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusions “50 chewing method” can accelerate recovery of gastrointestinal function of gastric cancer patients and reduce incidence of complications during postoperative recovery period.