精细化沟通在老年住院患者健康教育中的应用效果

Application effect of refined communication in health education for elderly hospitalized patients

目的：探讨精细化沟通对提高老年住院患者健康教育的效果。方法将2015年1—6月465例患者作为对照组，将2015年7—12月485例患者作为观察组。对照组采取常规的护理方法，而观察组在实施常规护理的基础上，成立精细化沟通小组、制定精细化的沟通举措以及临床各环节、各操作的沟通用语并落实实施。最后对两组患者入院7d后的健康教育掌握程度（入院指导、用药及饮食知识指导、检查指导）评分及出院前患者满意度（病房管理、服务态度、护理过程）评分进行评价。结果观察组患者入院指导、用药及饮食知识指导、检查指导得分分别为（15.10±3.32），（47.71±8.30）和（14.49±3.62）分，对照组分别为（13.25±3.30），（40.97±7.30）和（12.36±3.35）分，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）；观察组患者出院满意程度评分分别为（14.93±3.20），（14.91±3.75）和（56.92±1.99）分，对照组分别为（12.74±3.48），（12.08±3.96）和（43.54±9.07）分，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论精细化沟通规范了护士的护理行为，提高了住院患者的健康教育掌握程度及患者满意度，提升了护士的主观能动性，促进了护患关系和谐。

Objective To explore the effect of refined communication in the improvement of health education for elderly hospitalized patients.Methods A total of 465 hospitalized patients from January to June in 2015 were assigned to the control group and 485 of hospitalized patients from July to December in 2015 were assigned to the observation group. Patients in control group received the routine nursing method; for the observation group, besides the routine nursing method, refined communication group was established, and refined communication measures were worked out, as well as the communication expressions, they were implemented and carried out in every clinical link and operation. Then, mastery degree of health education （ including hospital guidance, the guidance for taking drugs and diet and guidance of examination） in two groups was evaluated 7 days after being admitted to the hospital, as well as the patient satisfaction （ including ward management, service attitude and nursing process） before hospital discharge. Results The mastery scores of healthy education for the observation group were （15.10±3.32）, （47.71±8.30） and （14.49±3.62）, while the scores in the control group were （13.25±3.30）,（40.97±7.30） and （12.36±3.35）（P〈0.01）. As for the patient satisfaction when patients leaving hospital, the scores of the observation group were （14.93±3.20）,（14.91± 3.75） and （56. 92±1.99）, while that of the control group were （12.74±3.48）,（12.08±3.96） and （43.54± 9.07） . These two groups showed significant difference （ P〈0. 01 ） . Conclusions Refined communication standardizes the nursing behavior of nurses, enhances the hospitalized patients′ mastery degree of healthy education and patient satisfaction, improves the subjectivity of nurses and promotes the harmony of the relationship between patients and doctors.