采前乙酰水杨酸与采后1-MCP处理对厚皮甜瓜冷藏品质及抗氧化能力的影响

Effect of Preharvest Acetylsalicylic Acid and Postharvest 1-MCP Treatments on Quality and Antioxidant Ability of Muskmelon Fruit during Cool Storage

以"玛瑙"厚皮甜瓜为试材,通过采前分别在幼果期(花后2周)、膨大期(花后3周)、网纹形成期(花后4周)和采前2 d 4个时期喷洒乙酰水杨酸和采后1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)熏蒸,研究单独或复合处理对冷藏期间果实品质及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明,采前乙酰水杨酸处理可有效抑制贮藏期间果实的质量损失率的增加,延缓果皮转黄,维持可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量,提高总酚和类黄酮含量,提高抗氧化能力。1-MCP熏蒸能减少果实采后质量损失,维持硬度,增加抗坏血酸含量。复合处理在维持果实可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量、提高总酚和类黄酮的含量方面表现出协同效应。由此表明,乙酰水杨酸和1-MCP处理对维持甜瓜果实采后品质的作用效果与抑制乙烯的产生有关,而果实抗氧化能力的提高则与促进苯丙烷代谢产物及抗坏血酸的积累相关。

This study examined effects of multiple preharvest acetylsalicylic acid （ASA） sprays combined with postharvest1-methylcyclopropene （1-MCP） fumigation on the quality and antioxidant ability of muskmelon （Cucumis melo cv.Manao） fruit during cool storage. The plants were sprayed with ASA four times, namely at young fruit period （2 weeksafter flowering）, fruit enlarging period （3 weeks after flowering）, netting period （4 weeks after flowering） and 2 days beforeharvest, respectively. After harvest, the fruits were fumigated with 1-MCP. The results indicated that preharvest ASAtreatment inhibited weight loss, retarded peel yellowing, maintained the levels of total soluble solids and titratable acid,increased the contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, and enhanced the antioxidant ability of fruits. 1-MCP fumigationdecreased weight loss, maintained fruit firmness and increased the contents of ascorbic acid. Preharvest ASA combined withpostharvest 1-MCP treatments showed a synergistic effect on maintaining high levels of total soluble solids and titratableacid and enhancing the contents of total phenolics and flavonoids. In conclusion, ASA and 1-MCP treatments maintained thepostharvest quality of muskmelons, which is related to the inhibition of ethylene production. Both chemicals enhanced theantioxidant activity of fruits, which are involved in the accumulation of phenylpropanoid metabolites and ascorbic acid.