彩超与X射线平片诊断上尿路结石的效果对比观察

Comparison of the effects of colour Doppler ultrasonography and X-ray plain film radiography in diagnosis of upper urinary tract calculi

目的:对比分析彩超与X射线平片在上尿路结石中的诊断价值。方法:采用随机数表法选取97例上尿路结石患者,对所有患者分别行彩超检查和X射线平片检查,对比并分析两种检查的诊断结果。结果:在行彩超检查的97例患者中,肾结石阳性结果92例,诊断有效率为94.8%;X射线平片检查,肾结石阳性结果67例,诊断有效率为69.1%,彩超肾结石阳性诊断率高于X射线检查,两种检查方法相比有差异(x^2=16.34,P<0.05)。97例患者行彩超检查输尿管结石阳性结果52例,诊断率有效为53.6%;行X射线平片检查,输尿管结石阳性结果69例,诊断有效率为71.1%,X射线输尿管结石阳性诊断率高于彩超检查,两种检查方法相比有差异(x^2=10.65,P<0.05)。结论:在上尿路结石诊断中,彩超对肾结石诊断率较高,而X射线平片对输尿管结石诊断率较高,两种检查方法各有优势及不足,临床中应结合运用。

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of colour Doppler ultrasonographyand X-ray plain film radiography in upper urinary tract calculi. Methods： 97 cases of upperurinary tract calculi were randomly selected in our hospital between 2012 January and 2013January, who were examined by colour Doppler ultrasound and X-ray film and then the resultswere analysed and compared. Results： In the 97 cases with colour Doppler ultrasound, 92 cases were the positiverenal calculi, and the effective diagnosis rate was 94.8%. And then in the 97 cases with X-ray film, 67 cases were thepositive renal calculi, and the effective diagnosis rate was 69.1%. The positive diagnosis rate in the group with colourDoppler ultrasound was higher than that in the group with X-ray film （x2=16.34, P〈0.05）. In the 97 cases with colourDoppler ultrasound, 52 cases were the positive ureteral calculi, and the effective diagnosis rate is 53.6%. And then inthe 97 cases with X-ray film, 69 cases were the positive ureteral calculi and the effective diagnosis rate was 71.1%. Thepositive diagnosis rate in X-ray film group was higher than that in the group with colour Doppler ultrasound （x2=10.65,P〈0.05）. Conclusion： In diagnosis of upper urinary tract calculi, the diagnosis rate of renal calculi is higher by colourDoppler ultrasound and the diagnosis rate of ureteral calculi is higher by X-ray film. Both methods have advantages anddisadvantages in inspection, and we should combine them in clinical practice.