冲突与破解:体育院校本科专业培养方案的优化路径探索

Conflict and Solution: Optimized Path of Undergraduate Training Scheme in Sports Colleges

为回应当前社会需求变迁下体育院校培养方案的有效修订问题,提升体育人才培养方案设计合理性,采用文献资料法和专家访谈法,结合北京体育大学2012培养方案修订与实施实践,阐述、剖析了培养方案修订思路、优化路径重难点及其修订实践特色。研究表明,体育院校人才培养存在统一标准规范与院校自身特色、专业人才培养规格与运动员学生身份、传统技术优势与社会复合需求、新兴专业本色与体育行业融合等固有的现实冲突。基于此,研究结论认为,培养方案修订程序规范应作为"技术标准"明确把握的基础上,立足人才培养目标定位,以课程结构体系调整为核心,注重人才培养多样化的分类设计难点,并着力解决方案修订落实的难题,从而使培养目标增强社会适应性、课程设置体现学生发展需要、实践环节凸显整体优化协调。研究结论对体育院校规范培养方案修订部署、优化人才培养实施路径,具有重要的理论价值和实践参考意义。

In order to revise training schemes effectively and design them reasonably in sports colleges with the change of social demands,this paper analyzed revise and practice of 2012 training plan of Beijing Sport University,and explained revise thinking line,anatomies focuses of optimized path,and revise practice features of training scheme by the methods of literature review and expert interview. The results showed that there are some realistic conflicts of talents training in sports colleges,which are unified standards vs. institute characteristics,qualifications of specialties vs. identities of athlete students,traditional skill advantages vs. social multiple needs,and emerging professional qualities vs. integrating sports elements. Based on this,the revision of cultivation plans should ground firmly on orientation of talents training,take course system construction as core,pay attention to the difficulty of diversity of personnel training,and ensure implementation of new development plans based on specifications as technical standards,so as to enhance social adaptability of training objectives,reflect needs of students＇ development,and highlight overall coordination of practice training. This research has a great theoretical value and practical significance to regulate modification of undergraduate programs and optimize approach of talents cultivation to sports colleges.