基于生态学视角的农科院校环境学科发展模式探讨

Ecology-based perspective on the development of environment subject in agricultural institutions

随着生态学的自然规律对社会科学发展的指导功能逐渐被发掘,作为连接生态学与教育学桥梁的教育生态学应运而生。首先,环境学科在结构和功能上具备明显的生态学特征。其次,生态学定律对环境学科在社会服务功能、学科交叉、教学规模、教学侧重点、学生主观能动性等方面具有积极的启示。最后从生态学角度来看,农科院校环境学科人才培养的发展模式应该立足于"三农",以解决"三农""三废"问题为学科特色,并促进学科交叉,同时缩小教学规模以提高学生能动性;此外,应根据市场需求灵活调节教育模式以提高学生市场竞争力和就业率。

With the accumulative guiding functions on the social scientific development imposed by the natural ecological law, the educational ecology, a bridge to connect the ecology and education, was established and flourished. This paper analyzed the ecological characteristics of the environment discipline from structural and functional prospective. Then, the inspirations given by ecological law on how environmental discipline affects social service function, interdisciplinary research, student scale, teaching focus, the subjective initiative of student and so on, were also discussed. Finally, a developing mode of talent training in agricultural institutes based on solving ＂farmers, rural areas and agriculture＂ issues was proposed. It emphasized on solutions to the above and the ＂three-waste＂ issues, the interdisciplinary learning, as well as a shrink of teaching scale to improve the subjective initiative of student. Besides, such educational mode should be adapted to the market demand flexibly to enhance the competitiveness and employment rate of our students.