事实认定三步法:从原初事实到法律事实——刑事案件事实认定的方法探究与路径选择

Three-step Method with Fact-finding: From Brute Fact to Legal Fact——The Methods and Route Choice of Fact-Finding in Criminal Cases

公正是诉讼活动的灵魂与归宿,是诉讼活动的生命力所在。对公正的内涵应当从程序公正与事实公正两个方面来进行理解。事实公正体现的是诉讼机制的内在说服力,是诉讼机制的内在品质,案件事实认定的正确与否是"实体公正"的核心。当前,法院裁判案件主要有三种模式——侦查中心式、被动裁判式、审判中心式。相比较而言,审判中心式是比较合理、公正的裁判模式。在审判中心式框架下,根据案件审理的不同阶段,将案件事实划分为原初事实、证据事实、裁判事实、法律事实,从现状考察、路径分析等几个方面探索刑事案件事实认定的有效途径,并提出刑事案件事实认定的三步法。

Justice is the soul and fate of litigation activities, also the life force of it. For the connotation of justice, we should understand it from procedural fairness and substantive justice.Substantive justice reflects the inherent persuasion and quality of litigation system,the correctness of fact-finding in criminal cases is the core of ＂substantive justice＂. Currently, there are three modes about the Court judge cases： investigations center mode, passive judge mode and trial center mode. In comparison, the last one is more reasonable and fair. In the framework of trial center mode, depending on the different stages of case hearing, the case facts can be divided into the original facts, evidence facts, the referee facts, legal facts, and explore the effective ways of fact-finding in criminal cases from several aspects, such as the investigation, path analysis, then find out the Three-step Method with fact-finding in criminal cases.