论意象图式与on和off的方位隐喻拓展

A Discussion about Image Schema and Semantic Extension of “On and Off”

隐喻是认知语言学的重要内容之一,是人类主要的思维模式和认识理解抽象未知世界的工具。由动体、陆标以及路径组成的意象图式是认识外界事物关系的认知模型,也是隐喻的认知基础。On与off的基本意义是人自身所感知到的物理空间关系。On与off的意象图示意在揭示这些空间关系,即由动体、陆标以及路径形成的静态空间关系或在空间中运动的动态模拟表征。这些原型图式映射到其它非空间概念域,并拓展衍生了很多非空间概念意义,即On和off的拓展延伸意义。

Metaphor is a key part in cognitive linguistics, and a tool to know and understand the unknown and abstract world. The image schema, made of landmark, trajectory and path, is the basis of metaphor and also the cognitive model to know the world. The basic meaning of ＂on and off＂ is the spatial relation people experience.The image schema of ＂on and off＂, made of landmark, trajectory and path. is the static spatial relation or dynamic symbol of moving in space. AII the schema is mapped to all other non-spatial domain. Therefore the non-spatial concept of ＂On and Off＂, that is semantic extension, is produced.