超越正义的宽恕:反思规范之下审判阶段的恢复性司法

Forgiveness over Justice: On the Restorative Justice Programme at the Judicial State under Regulations

恢复性司法的产生是一种对现有刑事司法制度反思的结果。恢复性司法不是对原始社会诉讼模式的一种回归,而是一种高级形态的制度模式。从本质上讲,恢复性司法在实体上是试图在更大范围内用非刑罚的处罚方式来替代刑罚处罚方式,试图用民事责任的承担方式替代刑事责任的承担方式来解决刑事责任的承担问题,在程序上试图用民事纠纷解决方式的优势来弥补刑事案件的处理的缺陷与不足。恢复性司法在伦理上的基础是宽恕,是一种对正义的超越。恢复性司法的社会基础更多体现为国家权力社会化趋势。这种社会化的趋势对代表国家意志的审判权起的是一种制约作用。

The restorative justice programme is a further development of traditional criminal judicial systems. It is a kind of institutional pattern in a high-grade form rather than a return to the legal action pattern in the primitive society. In essence,the restorative justice programme attempts to replace penalty punishment with non-penalty punishment in a larger scale; it also attempts to replace criminal liability undertaking with civil liability undertaking in order to solve the problem of criminal liability undertaking; on the procedure,it attempts to use the advantage of the solutions to civil disputes to complement the defects and deficiencies of the solutions to criminal cases. The idea of forgiveness over justice is the ethical foundation of the restorative justice programme.The social foundation of the restorative justice programme lies in the socialization of the state's power. The judicial authority that represents the state's will is checked and balanced by this socialized power.