家庭寄养儿童与机构寄养儿童适应行为艾森克问卷调查

Adaptive behavior between children from family foster agency and from institutional care with Eysenck personality questionnaire

目的比较家庭寄养儿童与机构养育儿童适应行为评定及艾森克(儿童)个性问卷调查结果。方法选取2002年1月1日—2012年12月31日被某市福利机构收养的孤儿315人,分为机构养育组(121人)和家庭寄养组(194人),采用儿童适应行为评定量表和艾森克(儿童)个性问卷(EPQ),比较两组各分量表分数、各维度分数的差异。结果家庭寄养组儿童适应行为中的感觉运动、语言发展、个人取向、劳动技能及经济活动成绩均高于机构养育组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组儿童生活自理、社会责任、时空定向成绩差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。家庭寄养组儿童精神质、内外向、神经质及掩饰程度分数与机构养育组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家庭寄养模式在儿童心理发展方面优于机构养育模式。

Objective To compare the results of children adaptive behavior assessment and Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） between the foster children and children in institutional care. Methods A total of 315 orphans adopt by a welfare from January 2002 to December 2012 who were assigned into institutional rearing group （n=121） and family foster care group （n=194） were collected in this study. They were surveyed with children adaptive behavior assessment and EPQ, and the subscale scores, scores for component, dimensionality, age, and gender were compared between the 2 groups. Results The scores of sensorimotor, language development, individual orientation, labor skills and economic activity were significantly higher in the family foster group than the institutional care group （P〈 0.05）. While no significant differences were found in independent living, social responsibility, space and time orientation indexes between the 2 groups （P〉 0.05）. There were no significant differences in the scores of psychoticism, introversion and extroversion, neuroticism and lie in the family foster and institutions care groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The family foster care model is superior to the institutional foster care mode in orphans＇ psychological development.