复杂形态立柱式石质文物的病害调查及防治对策--以浙江省柯岩云骨岩柱为例

Disease investigation of rock pillar cultural relics with complex shape and prevention measures——taking Keyan Yungu rock pillar in Zhejiang Province as example

由于文物保护须坚持不改变文物原状、最小干预等原则,文物保护精细化作业的需求越来越迫切。本文以复杂形态立柱式石质文物——云骨岩柱为例,通过高精度三维激光扫描、现场调查和数值模拟等,对云骨岩柱的几何形态、文物病害及其稳定性等进行了分析研究。结果发现:云骨岩柱受岩体结构面切割和上部树木根劈作用严重,已切出多块危石;风化作用导致风化空腔和剥落现象存在;云骨下部基座荷载偏压现象严重等。在上述分析的基础上,提出了针对危石、风化空腔和岩柱基座等关键部位的加固方法和对策。本文的研究方法可为复杂形态立柱式石质文物的调查、分析和加固方法等提供参考,相关结论可为云骨岩柱的稳定性判断和后期加固提供指导。

Due to the principles of not changing original characteristics of cultural relics and the minimum intervention,it is more and more urgent for the fine work to preserve cultural relics. Taking the complex shape of the rock pillar——Yungu rock pillar as the example,its three-dimensional geometry is obtained by high-precision laser scanner,and its main cultural relic diseases are investigated and analyzed through the field investigation. Its overall stability and the stability of the key parts are calculated by using numerical simulation. Based on the work mentioned above,it is found that Yungu rock pillar faces the following problems： the dangerous blocks are cut by the serious rock structures and obvious splitting effect of tree roots; the serious cavity and flake occur due to the weathering; the serious inclined load occurs on the base part of the pillar. Based on the investigation and simulation analysis,the reinforcement method and countermeasures for the key rock blocks,weathered cavity and the base part of the pillar are proposed.The study could provide the reference for the research on the investigation,analysis and reinforcement methods of cultural relics of rock pillar with complex shape. The conclusions could provide guidance forthe stability judgment and the reinforcement design of the pillar.