雨养条件下施氮水平对冬小麦小花发育与结实的影响

Nitrogen Levels on Floret Development and Grain Setting of Winter Wheat under Rain Fed Conditions

采用大田小区试验,以冬小麦品种山农20为材料,探讨雨养条件下(只浇底墒水,保证小麦能够正常出苗)氮素水平为0(N0)、240(N1)、360(N2)kg/hm2的处理对冬小麦穗基部、中部、顶部小花发育动态、结实率及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,增施氮肥显著提高了小麦不同穗位可孕花数量,增加了不同穗位平均结实粒数;增施氮肥能够促进穗花发育,延长穗花发育时间,小麦穗粒数及产量均显著提高,且以N1处理的产量最高。

With winter wheat variety Shannong 20 as material,the effects of different nitrogen levels,0（ N0）,240（ N1）,360（ N2） kg /hm2,on developmental dynamics and setting rate of florets on different parts of spikes（ basal,central,apical） and grain yield were studied under rain fed conditions through field plot experiments. The results indicated that increasing N fertilizer significantly improved the number of fertile florets on different parts of spikes and increased the average setting rate. It also induced the floret development and prolonged the floret development time. Thus,the kernels per spike and grain yield were significantly increased,and N1 treatment owned the highest yield.