子午沙鼠的室内生长发育观察

Observation on Growth and Development of Meriones meridianus jie in Indoor Breeding

目的 对驯养第4代的子午沙鼠进行生长发育和行为观察.方法 对出生至150日龄子午沙鼠进行外观形态、体质量、体长、尾长和后足长测量,测量自我体温调节能力,观察记录形态特征和行为变化.结果 0～5日龄由无毛至出现被毛,外观形态变化大;6～13日龄体毛增长,活动量逐渐增加;14日龄开始睁眼;17日龄开始取食饵料,饵料比例逐渐增加,吸乳量减少;25日龄前体温调节机制尚不成熟;30日龄雌、雄体体质量增长出现分化,雄体略大于雌体;70日龄后雌、雄体增长缓慢,基本达到体成熟.结论 依据该鼠的行为和生长发育特点,其生长发育期划分4个阶段：初生～ 24日龄为乳鼠阶段,25 ～ 40日龄为幼鼠阶段,40 ～ 70日龄为亚成体阶段,70日龄以上为成体阶段.

Objective To observe the growth and behavior of Meriones meridianus jie at 4th generation in domestication. Methods Body weight, body length, tail length, hind foot length and self thermoregulation ability were measured, and changes of the morphological characteristics and behavior were observed from birth to 150 days of M.meridianus. Results The changes of appearance morphology showed from glabrous to hair at the age of 0-5 days old. The hair growth and activity were increased gradually at 6-13 days old. The eyes began to open at 14 days old.The animal began to feed baits at 17 days old with increasing bait and decreasing milk gradually. The thermoregulatory mechanisms was not established before the age of 25 days old. The growth of body weight began to differentiation between female and male at 30 days old with the male slightly greater than the female.The female and male were grew slowly thereafter, and took part in breeding after 70 days old. Conclusion According to the behavior and growth characteristics ofM. rneridianus, growth and development of the animals is divided into four stages： suckling stage between the birth to 24 days old, juvenile stage between 25-40 days old, subadult stage between 40 to 70 days old, and adult stage over 70 days old.