静电纺技术在耐高温纤维材料领域研究进展

Progress in Research of Electrospinning Technology for High Temperature Resistant Fibrous Materials

耐高温纤维在高温过滤膜、锂电池隔膜以及高温催化等方面有着良好的应用。结合纳米纤维高孔隙率、高比表面积等优点,将这些纤维原料经过静电纺丝技术制备成纳米纤维,应用于工业、国防、医疗、环境保护等领域已成为当今材料科学的研究热点。重点综述了静电纺丝技术制备耐高温性能纳米纤维材料的研究进展,如静电纺芳纶、聚酰亚胺、聚苯并咪唑、含氟高分子等聚合物纳米纤维及陶瓷无机纳米纤维等,为进一步开展静电纺丝制备耐高温纳米纤维的研究和应用提供参考。

High-temperature resistant fibers have good applications in high temperature filtration,lithium battery separator and high-temperature catalytic.Meanwhile,thanks to the good properties of nanofiber,such as low diameter,high porosity and high specific surface area,these fiberous raw materials were successfully prepared to nanofibers via the electrospinning technique,which have been used in industry,national defense,medical,environmental protection and other areas.This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of electrospinning technology applied for high temperature resistant fibrous materials,the preparation methods and development situation of electrospinning polyaramid nanofibers,polyimide nanofibers,polybenzimidazole nanofibers,polymer nanofibers containing fluorine and ceramic nanofibers,which could provide the reference for the further development and utilization of electrospinning high-temperature resistant nanofibers.