圈舍环境对圈养大熊猫发情率的影响

Effects of Captive Environment on Estrus Rate of Giant Pandas

发情率低是圈养大熊猫Ailuropoda melanoleuca饲养的难题之一,也是制约圈养大熊猫繁育的重要因素。近年来,随着大熊猫圈养技术的不断进步,圈养大熊猫的发情率有了大幅提高,但并未达到特别高的水平。对中国保护大熊猫研究中心2006—2012年参与繁殖计划的圈养成年雌性大熊猫种群的发情率进行统计发现,2009—2012年每年雌性大熊猫的发情率高达90%以上,较2006—2008年的发情率有显著提高。2006—2012年,该大熊猫种群的饲养和管理模式、食物结构都未变化,但从2009年起圈舍环境有明显变化。经分析,该种群发情率的变化与圈舍面积、圈舍地形、圈舍植被覆盖率和植物种类等因素变化有关。本研究为提高圈养大熊猫的发情率从改善大熊猫圈舍条件的角度提供了有效的参考。

Low estrus rate is the main factor that restricting the reproduction of captive giant pandas（ Ailuropoda melanoleuca）. In recent years,with the development of giant panda captive breeding,there is a substantial increase in estrus rate of captive giant pandas,but the level is not as high as expected. The annual estrus rate of female giant pandas in the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda was more than 90% during 2009 to 2012,and this was significantly higher than that during 2006 to 2008. During 2009 to 2012,there was a remarkable change in captive environment,such as the house area,terrain,vegetation cover rate,plant species and so on,however,the husbandry and management,the food structure remained unchanged compared with those during 2006 to 2008. These results indicated that captive environment can affect the estrus rate of the captive giant pandas,which may therefore contribute to improve the estrus rate of captive giant pandas.