基于红外相机陷阱技术的浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区龙塘山区域鸟兽物种监测初报

The Survey of Mammals and Birds Using Camera Traps in Longtangshan of Zhejiang Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve

利用红外相机对浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区龙塘山区域鸟兽物种多样性和丰富度进行调查。于2013年6月—2014年10月,在12个位点放置红外相机,每台相机在每个位点放置时间为7-17个月。共获得鸟兽有效照片1 840张,有效照片中兽类占69.35%,鸟类占30.65%。经鉴定,兽类有9种,鸟类有14种。兽类中拍摄率最高的是小麂Muntiacus reevesi、花面狸Paguma larvata和黑麂Muntiacus crinifrons,鸟类中拍摄率最高的是白鹇Lophura nycthemera、勺鸡Pucrasia macrolopha和白颈长尾雉Syrmaticus ellioti。红外相机在不同海拔和植物群落中的拍摄率各不相同,1 018～1 260 m海拔段高于811～995 m;在常绿落叶阔叶混交林中的拍摄率最高,针阔混交林最低。研究表明,红外相机陷阱技术对于调查和监测大中型兽类和部分鸟类具有一定优越性,所采集数据及图片对保护区科研监测具有重要意义。

The survey of biodiversity and species richness of mammals and birds in Longtangshan of Zhejiang Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve was conducted at twelve sites using camera traps from June 2013 to October 2014. A total of1 840 photos containing 69. 35% of mammals and 30. 65% of birds were taken. Finally,23 species were identified including 9 mammal species（ belonging to 6 families and 4 orders） and 14 bird species（ belong to 9 families and 3 orders）. The most common mammals were Muntiacus reevesi,Paguma larvata and Muntiacus crinifrons,and birds were Lophura nycthemera,Pucrasia macrolopha and Syrmaticus ellioti. The photographic rates（ PR） varied at different elevations and plant community types： PR was higher in elevation of 1 018 - 1 260 m than that of 811 - 995 m; PR in evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest was the highest,and PR in mixed broadleaf-conifer forest was the lowest. In conclusion,infra-red cameras were suitable to survey and monitor middle-large mammals and some birds,and the obtained data and photos of wildlife were important to conduct monitoring and research in reserves.