草地农业顶层设计与土地资源统筹利用

The Top Design of Grassland Agriculture and the Overall Utilization of Land Resources

将草地农业战略提升为国家顶层设计,必须与其他战略耦合,建立草地恢复资金供应机制。为实现该目标,需要构建食草票制度。以统筹国土资源高效利用为核心,把粮食安全战略上升为粮畜安全(口粮安全与畜产品安全)战略,坚守草地红线与粮畜安全底线。大量资金投入草地恢复,保障草地生态安全。增加饲草生产,保障饲草安全。节省饲料,保障饲料安全。减少饲用粮用地,缓解耕地压力。饲草安全与饲料安全是粮畜安全的核心。草地农业统筹草地、耕地(林地与湿地)与建设用地;恢复草地至少可节省2×107 hm2耕地,缓解建设用地供应压力,获得食草票资金。至少3.0×1013元资金投入3.6×108 hm2草地,为1hm2草地提供至少8.3×104元恢复资金。草地恢复资金供需形成良性循环,建立草地建设与恢复资金供应机制。草地农业确保粮畜安全,增加生态畜产品比例。食草票制度弥补建设用地缺口,消除草地退化造成的生态安全威胁。草地农业战略应与粮畜安全战略、新型城镇化战略、生态安全战略及国土资源高效利用战略耦合,并上升为国家顶层设计。

It is necessary to couple with other strategies,and establish a funds supply mechanism for grassland restoration when upgrading grassland agriculture strategy to a national top-level design.In order to realize this goal,a food-grass ticket system needs to be constructed.Focused on overall planning of efficient use of land and resources,food safety strategy should be upgraded to a grain and livestock safety（food safety and animal product safety）strategy,and the red line of grassland and the bottom line of grain and animal safety should be held fast.A large amount of money should be put into the grassland restoration,and the ecological security of grassland should be assured.The production of forage grass should be increased,and the forage safety should be guaranteed.Feedstuffs should be saved,and forage safety should be assured.Forage grain land should be decreased so as to ease the pressure on arable land.Forage grass safety and feed grain safety is the core of the food and livestock safety.Grassland agriculture coordinates grassland,arable land（forest land and wetland）and construction land.Restoration of grassland can at least save 2×107 hm2 arable land,relieving the pressure on the supply of construction land,and acquire food-grass ticket funds.3×1013 yuan of funds invested in 3.6×108hm2 grassland can at least supply 8.3×104yuan for the restoration of 1hm2 grassland,as a result,funds supply and demand for grassland restoration becomes a virtuous cycle,and a funds supply mechanism to build and restore grassland is established.Grassland agriculture guarantees food and livestock safety,and increases the proportion of ecological animal products.Food-grass ticket system makes up the gap in the construction land,and eliminate the threat to the ecological security caused by grassland degradation.The grassland strategy links up with food and livestock safety,new urbanization strategy,ecological security strategy,and efficient utilization strategy of land and resources,and is upgraded to a national top-level design.