阴道分娩后急性尿潴留的影响因素及护理

The influencing factors and nursing countermeasures of acute urinary retention after vaginal delivery

目的：分析阴道分娩后急性尿潴留的影响因素，并提出护理干预对策。方法选取我院2014年9月至2015年1月期间阴道分娩后出现急性尿潴留的100例患者及100例阴道分娩未发生尿潴留的产妇为研究对象，用Logistic回归的统计方法分析各因素对经阴道分娩后急性尿潴留的影响力，找出相关危险因素，并提出护理干预对策。结果两组产妇在第一产程、第二产程、产钳助产、胎头吸引术、手转胎头、无痛分娩、住院时间方面均有统计学意义（ P〈0.05）。将有统计学意义的高危因素纳入多因素Logistic回归分析发现产钳助产、手转胎头、无痛分娩是产后急性尿潴留的独立危险因素（ P〈0.05）。结论产钳助产、手转胎头、无痛分娩是产后急性尿潴留的独立危险因素，应加强对以上高危人群尿潴留的预防，采用综合性的护理干预措施。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of acute urinary retention after vaginal delivery, and put forward the nursing intervention countermeasures. Methods A total of 100 cases of patients with acute urinary re-tention after vaginal delivery and 100 cases of maternal without urinary retention after vaginal delivery from September 2014 to January 2015 were selected as the research objects. The effect of every factor for the acute urinary retention af-ter vaginal delivery was analyzed by the Logistic regression method of statistics analysis. Related factors were found out, and the intervention nursing countermeasures were proposed. Results Differences among the first stage of labor, sec-ond stage of labor, forceps delivery, vacuum extraction, manual rotation of fetal head, painless labor and hospitaliza-tion days of the two groups were compared and the differences were statistically significant （ P〈0.05 ） . High risk factors with statistical significance was included in the Logistic, and the results showed that forceps delivery, manual rotation of fetal head and painless labor were the independent risk factors for acute urinary retention after vaginal delivery （ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Forceps delivery, manual rotation of fetal head and painless labor are the independent risk fac-tors for acute urinary retention after vaginal delivery and prevention for urinary retention should be strengthened among the high-risk group and comprehensive nursing intervention measures should be adopted.