2006-2014年广州市儿童恙虫病流行特征分析

The epidemiology characteristics of scrub typhus in children of Guangzhou between 2006 and 2014

目的了解广州市儿童恙虫病流行特征,为儿童恙虫病防控提供科学依据。方法系统收集2006-2014年广州市恙虫病的发病资料,描述不同性别、年份的发病率;分析儿童恙虫病发病的季节趋势、空间聚集性;比较不同年龄段儿童发病到确诊间隔的差异。结果 2006-2014年广州市共报告儿童恙虫病病例270例,年均发病率为3.01/10万;男女儿童发病率分别为3.41/10万和2.52/10万;幼儿、学龄前、学龄期儿童发病率分别为3.43/10万、2.94/10万和2.75/10万。其季节性集中度和圆形分布分别为0.5 318和0.5 137,流行期为每年的6月19日~10月31日。幼儿、学龄前和学龄儿童的发病到确诊间隔分别为（11.52±20.0）、（7.73±8.90）和（6.86±6.64）d,不同类型儿童发病到确诊时间差异有统计学意义（F=5.769,P〈0.05）。结论广州市儿童恙虫病发病率高于其他地区,发病存在明显的季节性,且主要集中于农村区域,不同年龄段发病到确诊时间差异较大,应加强对儿童恙虫病的防控。

Objective To understand the epidemiology characteristics of Scrub typhus in children of Guangzhou between 2006 and 2014,in order to provide scientific suggestion for the prevention and control of scrub typhus. Methods The information about scrub typhus in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2014 was collected systemically. The incidence rate of different gender and age groups were described. The seasonal trends and space clusters were analyzed,also the interval between incidence and diagnosis was compared between children with different age groups. Results Totally 270 children of scrub typhus were reported from 2006 to 2014,and the incidence rate was 3. 01 per hundred thousand. The incidence rate of boys and girls were 3. 41 per hundred thousand and 2. 52 per hundred thousand. The incidence rates of infancy,preschool,school- age children were 3. 43 per hundred thousand,2. 94 per hundred thousand and 2. 75 per hundred thousand,respectively. The degree of Concentration and circular distribution were 0. 5 318 and 0. 5 137,respectively,with an epidemic period between 19 th,June and 31 th,October. The interval between incidence and diagnosis were（ 11. 52 ± 20. 0）,（ 7. 73 ± 8. 90） and（ 6. 86 ± 6. 64） days for infancy,preschool,school- age children,respectively,and there were significant differences of interval between incidence and diagnosis of between age groups（ F = 5. 769,P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The incidence rate of scrub typhus in children at Guangzhou was higher than other areas,and had significant season tendency and space cluster. There were significant differences of interval between incidence and diagnosis of between age groups. The prevention and control of scrub typhus in children should be enhanced.