某三甲综合医院呼吸内科下呼吸道感染调查分析

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infection in respiratory medicine department

目的探讨呼吸内科住院患者医院感染特点和病原分布,为其预防和控制提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2010年1月-2013年7月呼吸内科3313例住院患者的医院感染率、感染例次率、感染部位、病原菌分布等进行统计和分析。结果呼吸内科医院感染率为2.81%,明显低于全院医院感染率(4.13%)和社区感染率(22.70%);感染部位前3位为下呼吸道、泌尿道、尿管相关,构成比分别为70.97%、15.05%、6.45%;感染细菌主要为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和屎肠球菌,构成比分别为32.28%、25.68%、14.92%和13.06%;耐药性居前3位为鲍曼不动杆菌、屎肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,耐药率分别为83.24%、70.33%、70.19%。结论呼吸内科要加强下呼吸道感染的预防,有效降低医院感染发生。

Objective To investigate characteristics and pathogen distribution of nosocomial infection in re-spiratory medicine department, in order to provide the basis for its prevention and control. Methods Retrospective study was applied to analyze nosocomial infection rate, infection case rate, infection site and pathogenic bacteria dis-tribution in 3313 hospitalized patients of respiratory medicine department form January 2010 to July 2013. Results The nosocomial infection rate of respiratory medicine department was 2. 81%, which was significantly lower than that of whole hospital （4. 13%） and community infection rate （22. 70%）. The top three infection sites were lower respir-atory tract （70. 79%）, urinary tract infection（15. 05%）, and catheter related urinary tract （6. 45%）. The main in-fection bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus fe-ces. The constituent ratio were 32. 28%, 25. 68%, 14. 92% and 13. 06% respectively. The top three drug resist-ance bacteria were acinetobacter baumannii, excrement enterococcus, and staphylococcus aureus. The resistant rate was 83. 24%, 70. 33% and 70. 19%, respectively. Conclusion The prevention of lower respiratory tract infection should be strengthened in respiratory medicine department, in order to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection effectively.