基于风险指引的核电厂设计改进评价研究

Study on the Design Improvements of NPP Based on the Risk-informed Regulation

核电厂概率安全评价(PSA)可以论证核电厂的风险满足安全目标,也是对运行核电厂进行风险管理的有效工具,例如核电厂的在役检查、安全分级、技术规格书优化等。核电厂的风险指引管理是在确定论的基础上,充分利用概率安全评价的结果进行风险影响评价,以此来论证决策的合理性。核电厂的重要设计改进通常基于传统的工程分析结果,没有分析其对核电厂整体风险的影响。重点探讨风险指引决策的基本原则以及方法,以核电厂设计改进实例探讨如何在分析时引入风险指引方法,并提出相关建议。

The probabilistic safety analysis（ PSA） can demonstrate that if the risk of nuclear power plant satisfies the safety goals,and also can be used in the risk management of nuclear power plant to improve in- service test,classification of equipment and maintenance etc. The risk- informed management of nuclear power plant is the combination of determinate methodology and probabilistic methodology. In the comprehensive decision,the PSA results should be used to evaluate the risk and demonstrate the rationality. The design improvements of nuclear power plant are usually based on the traditional engineering analysis,and the influences for the overall risk are not considered. This paper specially introduces the basic principles and methods of risk- informed management and discusses how to use the risk- informed method to analyse the design improvement of nuclear power plant and put forward related suggestions.