5乡镇中老年人乙肝、梅毒、丙肝及艾滋病感染状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the HBV/TP/HCV/HIV infection status in the old from five towns

目的为了解里下河地区乡镇中老年人乙肝、梅毒、丙肝及艾滋病（HBV/TP/HCV/HIV）感染状况,针对性做好经血液传播疾病的预防控制工作。方法采集乡镇40岁~69岁人群血液标本5 514份,进行HBs Ag、TP-ELISA、抗-HCV及HIV抗体检测,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 5 514名受检者共检出HBs Ag、TP-ELISA、抗-HCV及HIV抗体阳性280份、124份、2份、0份,阳性率分别为5.08%、2.25%、0.04%、0.00%;其中TP双阳性为39份,TP单阳性为85份,分别占TP-ELISA阳性31.45%和68.55%。不同性别HBs Ag、TP-ELISA阳性率之间差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为6.97、4.41,P〈0.05）。不同乡镇乙肝、梅毒、丙肝及HIV阳性率差异较大。结论乡镇中老年人乙肝、梅毒阳性率较高,医务人员在进行有创伤性检查或手术等项目时需做好器械消毒工作,并对阳性者进行评估、进一步检查与治疗或动员密切接触者接种疫苗,切断传播途径,保护易感人群,防止疾病传播和蔓延。

Objective To understand the infection status of HBV / TP / HCV / HIV in the old from five towns of Lixiahe area,and to do a good job on the control and prevention of blood disseminated diseases. Methods 5 514 blood samples from people within 40- 69 years old were collected for the detection of HBs Ag,TP- ELISA,anti- HCV and HIV antibodies,and the results would be analyzed. Results HBs Ag,TP- ELISA,anti- HCV and HIV were detected respectively in 280 cases,124 cases,2cases and 0 case from the 5 514 cases,with the positive rate respectively of 5. 08%,2. 25%,0. 04% and 0. 00%. Among them,there were TP double positive in 39 cases,TP single positive in 85 cases,respectively,accounting for 31. 45% and68. 55% in TP- ELISA positive. Differences in genders and the positive rates of HBs Ag and TP- ELISA were statistically significant（ χ2= 6. 97,χ2= 4. 41,P 0. 05）. The positive rates of TP / HBV / HCV / HIV were different among different towns.Conclusion The infection rate of HBV and syphilis in old people from these towns was high. The medical staff need disinfect equipments in surgery or other traumatic examinations. The positive people need evaluation,further examination or treatment.The close contacts need vaccination to cut off the transmission,so as to protect vulnerable populations and prevent the spread of such diseases.