减少旁中心远视离焦镜片治疗儿童近视的疗效观察

Reducing periphery hyperopic defocus glasses in treatment of myopic children

目的观察减少旁中心远视离焦镜片治疗儿童近视的临床效果。方法随机数字表法选取2014年7月至12月于我科门诊就诊的儿童近视患者160例,分为试验组和对照组,每组各80例160眼。试验组配戴减少旁中心远视离焦镜片,对照组配戴普通单焦镜片。按照等效球镜的度数大小分为三组:低度近视组(-1.00^-3.00 D)、中度近视组(-3.25^-6.00 D)、高度近视组(>-6.00 D)。两组患者戴镜6个月后复查,1 a后对两组屈光度、眼轴长度等近视进展指标进行比较,根据等效球镜及眼轴进展情况,分析两组的治疗效果。结果轻度近视组:试验组增加度数为(-0.56±0.30)D,显著小于对照组(-0.91±0.37)D,差异有统计学意义(t=5.92,P<0.01);试验组眼轴增加(0.13±0.11)mm,显著少于对照组(0.28±0.14)mm,差异也有统计学意义(t=6.67,P<0.01)。中度近视组:试验组增加度数(-0.55±0.30)D,显著小于对照组(-0.90±0.41)D,差异有统计学意义(t=6.03,P<0.01);试验组眼轴增加(0.14±0.14)mm,显著少于对照组(0.25±0.15)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=4.96,P<0.01)。高度近视组:试验组增加度数(-0.36±0.16)D,显著小于对照组(-0.88±0.34)D,差异有统计学意义(t=5.15,P<0.01);试验组眼轴增加(0.06±0.04)mm,显著少于对照组(0.26±0.14)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=5.02,P<0.01)。结论降低周边远视性光学离焦可以延缓近视进展,减缓眼轴增长。近视性屈光不正儿童可以通过配戴减少旁中心远视离焦的美德××镜片来减缓近视的发展。

Objective To observe the clinical effects of treating children myopia with reducing periphery hyperopic defocus glasses. Methods A total of 160 children with myopia were randomly divided into two groups in our department from July 2014 to December 2014,80 cases of experimental group wore reducing periphery hyperopic defocus glasses,while 80 cases of control group wore ordinary monofocal glasses. Both groups received re-examined after 6 months. Children of both groups were further divid- ed into 3 subgroups according to their equivalent spherical diopter：mild myopia group （ from - 1.00 D to - 3.00 D）, moderate myopia group （ from - 3.25 D to - 6. 00 D）, high myopia group （ 〉 - 6.00 D）. Diopter and axial length were compared after 1 year and the clinical effect was analyzed. Results For mild myopia, increase of diopter of experimental group （0.555 ±0. 304） D was substantially less than that of control group （0.911 ± 0. 373 ） D （ t = 5.92 ,P 〈 0.01 ） ; lengthen of axial length of experimental group （0. 133 ±0. 107） nun was significantly less than that of control group （0. 279±0. 145） mm（ t = 5. 57, P 〈 0.01 ）. For moderate myopia, increase of diopter of experimental group （0.551 ±0. 303） D was substantially less than that of control group （0. 900 ± 0. 412）D（ t =5.03 ,P 〈 0.01 ）;lengthen of axial length of experimental group （0. 135 ± 0. 139）mm was significantly less than that of control group （0. 249 ± 0. 147 ）mm （t = 4.95 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. For high myopia, increase of diopter of experimental group （0. 358 ± 0. 160） D was substantially less than that of control group （0. 883 ± 0. 337 ） D （ t = 5.15, P 〈 0.01 ） ;lengthen of axial length of experimental group （0.050± 0.0424） mm was sig- nificantly less than that of control group （0.25±0. 138 ） nun （ t = 5.02, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Wearing reducing periphery hyperopic defocus glasses can inhibit the increase of diopter and axial length, and alleviate the development of children myopia.